The Holmium:YAG laser is a high-energy device that fragments stones during endoscopic procedures like ureteroscopy or PCNL. Its wavelength is well-absorbed in water, allowing precise stone vaporization with minimal tissue damage. It effectively treats hard stones that resist ESWL. Surgeons deliver energy via flexible laser fibers inserted through endoscopes. The system is widely used in modern urology centers for minimally invasive stone management. Adjustable power settings enable fine control during procedures. It supports dusting and fragmentation techniques based on surgeon preference. Holmium lasers meet CDSCO safety compliance for high-energy medical devices in India.